Some athletes embrace winter’s chill as a welcome change from exercising in summer’s heat. But others complain about hating cold weather. If that’s your stance, remember that exercising with proper nutrition (and layers of dry clothing) offers the opportunity to chase away the chills.
Q. Help! I don’t feel like I’m making progress
A. If you’re new to running, we’d call going from doing no regular exercise to doing a run-walk programme pretty good progress. Don’t measure yourself against other people – if you’re running or walking further, more often, more quickly or more easily, you’re making progress. Improvements come in stepsQ.
Help! I have aches and pains
A. Feeling a bit achy after running isn’t uncommon. Minimize it by starting and finishing each run with a few minutes of gentle jogging or walking, and do some stretching when you finish your session. If your ache turns into a pain then you may need to ease up, or take a few days off running.
Q. How fast could I (should I?) go?
A. Most beginners’ goal is simply to finish the race with a smile on their face. but if you need to calculate a goal in your training programme, break it down per kilometre and set your watch.
If you don’t have the time to read a book, here are 20 proven and effective tips for getting rid of your spare tyre.
Symptom: A burning sensation in your chest or throat
The diagnosis: Acid reflux – or heartburn – is the bubbling up of stomach acid into the esophagus. “Vigorous exercise can cause reflux even in people who don’t normally have a problem with it,” says Jeukendrup. “Running jostles the contents of the stomach, and in certain people the pressure relaxes the valve that normally keeps acid in its place – the oesophageal sphincter – allowing acid to come up.”
The fix: Avoid common trigger foods – caffeine, chocolate, mint, onions and citrus fruits – at least two hours before you run. “I have noticed that red fruits and vegetables in particular can be a common cause in some runners,” says Jeukendrup. Also, loosen your waistband and fuel belt: if they’re too snug, they can squeeze open the valve that keeps stomach acid down.
Symptom: You finish a race and your head is pounding
The diagnosis: An exertion headache, which is essentially a tension headache. “This occurs when the upper back and neck muscles tighten, with this tension transferring to the head and face,” says Greg Whyte, from the Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science at Liverpool John Moores University.
The fix: Warm up your neck and upper back with self-massage, as well as doing neck and shoulder rolls. This will help prevent the fatigue and cramping in those areas that can lead to headaches, says Whyte. Also, keep your shoulders relaxed throughout your run – once per mile, shake out your arms.
Symptom: You feel sluggish and drained during runs
The diagnosis: If sleep deprivation or overtraining isn’t to blame, your iron stores may be low. Iron is necessary for the production of hemoglobin, the protein of red blood cells that carries oxygen to your muscles. Low iron means less hemoglobin – and less energy to run.
The fix: If you think you might have an iron deficiency, your first stop should be your GP for a blood test. “What’s normal for a non-runner might be too low for runners,” says Jeukendrup. “Even a relatively mild deficiency can cause symptoms.” The best nutritional sources of iron are beef, fish and poultry, which your body absorbs better than the plant-based iron found in fortified cereals, soya beans and kale, says Jeukendrup. “For optimum absorption, include some vitamin C in your meal,” he adds. Your doctor may also recommend an iron supplement.
Symptom: Post-run coughing
The diagnosis: Exercise-induced asthma, a condition brought on by the constriction of the muscles surrounding bronchial tubes. At rest, you breathe more through your nose, which warms and humidifies air. “When you’re running and breathing through your mouth, the air that hits your lungs is colder and drier,” says Andy Jones, chair of Applied Physiology at University of Exeter’s School of Sport and Health Sciences. This causes coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath.
The fix: “Walk for five minutes before picking up your pace to give your lungs time to adjust to the effort of running,” says Jones. When your lungs are warmed up gradually, they can handle a heavier breathing rate. “Wearing a face mask or scarf can increase the humidity and warming of the air before you breathe it,” adds Jones. A vitamin C supplement may help, too. An Indiana University study found that participants who took 1,500mg of vitamin C for two weeks cut their asthma symptoms in half.
Symptom: Itchy bumps, wheezing, feeling flushed or tingly
The diagnosis: Exercise-induced urticaria (hives) is a mild allergic response (to food, medication, clothing, detergent or pollen) that’s set off by physical activity. “It’s the combination of the allergen and exercise that causes the reaction – although we’re not sure why,” says Whyte.
The fix: Seek medical attention if you have these symptoms. Anaphylaxis, a more severe – and frankly, rare – reaction can cause facial swelling and difficulty breathing, says Whyte. To help your doctor pinpoint the cause, keep a log of where you ran, what you were wearing and what you ate beforehand. Once you identify your allergen, limit your exposure to it within two hours of running. Taking an antihistamine like Claritin before running can also help.
Symptom: Abdominal pain, bloating
The diagnosis: Gas. During an intense bout of exercise, blood moves from the digestive tract to the legs, leaving less blood to help with digestion.
The fix: Fruits, beans and vegetables – great foods for runners – contain fibre and sugars that commonly lead to gas. Dairy and wheat can also cause trouble, especially if you’re intolerant or allergic. Eliminate these foods from your diet one at a time for a week to see if your symptoms ease. Then avoid the offenders at least three hours before you run, says Jeukendrup. “This will ensure they are completely absorbed by your intestines.” But you don’t have to miss out on your energy foods forever. “You can train your gut by starting to eat smaller amounts before a run and building this up over time. You’ll find your gut is surprisingly adaptable.”
Easy guide to starting to run
Take the ‘talk test’ always run at a relaxed and comfortable pace. This isn’t the Olympics – it’s a lifelong fitness quest. To check your effort level, start a conversation with your training partner. You should be able to speak without gasping or feeling out of breath. If you can’t, then slow down.
(more…)
First, the bad news: When the temperature rises about 10 degrees C, you’re going to run more slowly and feel worse than you will at lower temperatures. But by gradually preparing yourself for increased temperatures and taking action from the beginning of hot weather runs, you’ll get a welcome dose of the good news. You’ll learn how to hydrate yourself, what to wear, and when and how much your body can take in hot weather, all of which will help you recover faster and run better than others of your ability on hot days. While even the most heat-adapted runners won’t run as fast on hot days as they can on cold ones, they won’t slow down as much nor will they feel as much discomfort.
Until the temperature rises to about 65 degrees F, most runners don’t notice much heat build up, even though it is already putting extra burdens on the system. It takes most folks about 30 to 45 minutes of running (with or without walk breaks) to feel warm. But soon after that, if the temperature is above about 15 degrees C, you’re suddenly hot and sweating. On runs and especially races under those conditions, most runners have to force themselves to slow down. It’s just too easy to start faster than you should when the temperature is between 10 and 15 degrees C because it feels cool at first.
As the mercury rises about 13 degrees C, your body can’t get rid of the heat building up. This causes a rise in core body temperature and an early depletion of fluids through sweating. The internal temperature rise also triggers the rapid dispersion of blood into the capillaries of the skin, reducing the amount of that vital fluid that is available to the exercising muscles. Just when those workhorses are being pushed to capacity, they are receiving less oxygen and nutrients. What used to be a river becomes a creek and can’t remove the waste products of exercise (such as lactic acid). As these accumulate, your muscles slow down.
Scheduling
The best time for hot weather running is early morning. The more you can run before sunrise, the cooler you will feel, compared with how you’ll feel later in the day. The second best time to run, by the way, is right after sunrise, unless the temperature cools off dramatically at sunset, which would make that time more favourable. In humid areas, however, it usually doesn’t cool down much after sunset.
Some tips on how to say cool
Run safe, strong and injury-free – wise up to the what’s, whys and when’s of stretching
This training schedule is a guide to getting fit to run a half marathon and has been worked out over an 8 month training plan.
